Biosensing

The same cavity, reading a molecule instead of a bit.

An engineered nanocavity that can hold a stable state can also hold a single molecule still long enough to watch it. The storage and sensing work share a substrate, a fabrication route and most of a geometry problem — they differ mainly in what the cavity is asked to contain.

Geometry

The waist is the whole design.

A nanocavity for sensing is defined by its narrowest point. Tighten the waist and the optical field concentrates, which raises signal; open it and molecules can actually get in and out, which is what makes the instrument usable on a real sample. The two pull in opposite directions and there is no setting that wins both.

Forty nanometres is the canonical floor — the tightest geometry the design treats as buildable. An eighty-nanometre augmented waist is under evaluation as an alternative, and it is a real trade rather than a free improvement: signal drops to about half of what the 40 nm floor delivers, in exchange for access that suits a molecular-regime branch of the work.

Both figures are simulation candidates. No cavity has been fabricated, and no molecule has been observed in one.

Canonical floor
40 nmTightest waist treated as buildable; the signal reference
Augmented waist
80 nmVersion 0.3 simulation candidate for the molecular-regime branch
Signal trade
~0.5×Relative to the 40 nm floor — the cost of the wider opening
Status
ModelledGeometry study only
CRUCIBLE
A nanopore-gated cavity small enough that one molecule inside it is a meaningful concentration.
Sub-attolitre observation
Nanopore-gated cavity

Conventional single-molecule work usually fights diffusion: the molecule you want to watch wanders out of the observation volume. CRUCIBLE approaches that by making the volume small enough — below an attolitre — that a single molecule inside represents a substantial concentration, and gating it with a nanopore so entry and exit become events you control rather than accidents you tolerate.

The attraction is that it turns an observation problem into a fabrication problem. If the cavity and the gate can be made repeatably, the sensing follows. That is a good trade for a laboratory whose strength is materials and process chemistry, and it is the same imprint-cure-fire-seal route the storage work uses — which means one fabrication result would advance both.

Sub-attolitre observation volume · nanopore-gated entry and exit · shares substrate and fabrication route with the storage line · concept and modelling stage, nothing fabricated